diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 05e6f26..f81f8f0 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -308,6 +308,65 @@ Tex文件的开头，是基本信息部分，可以根据需要添加`\title`{
    `\l_ouc_pbg_vgap`（纵向，默认 6pt）。
 4. 单个要点框仍然可以像以前那样手写 `columns` + `pointbox`，两种用法并存。
 
+## 图示组件（扁平风格）
+
+模板自带 9 个**扁平简约**图示组件：圆角色块 + 实心纯色 + 白字 + 细箭头，
+**无渐变、无阴影、无立体**。全部用纯 TikZ 绘制，不依赖任何外部绘图宏包。
+
+![图示组件](/figs/fig16.png)
+
+### 颜色：一个或多个都可以
+
+所有组件的**颜色列表写在方括号里**（可选参数）。写一个就是全部同色，
+写多个就**按顺序取色、不够时自动循环**：
+
+```
+\flatflow[oucblue]{数据采集, 数据清洗, 模型训练, 结果评估}                % 全部海大蓝
+\flatflow[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucamber]{数据采集, 数据清洗, 模型训练, 结果评估}
+                                              % ← 4 个块 4 种颜色
+\flatflow[oucred,oucblue]{块一, 块二, 块三, 块四, 块五, 块六}
+                                              % ← 2 色循环：红蓝红蓝红蓝
+```
+
+> ⚠️ 颜色**必须写成方括号 `[ ]`**。若误写成花括号 `{ }`，颜色会被当成第一个条目，
+> 编译时会报 `图示组件的颜色要写在方括号里` 的明确错误（不会静默出错）。
+
+### 九个组件速查
+
+| 命令 | 说明 |
+|------|------|
+| `\flatflow[颜色]{条目1, 条目2, ...}` | **横向箭头流程**，自动等分满宽 |
+| `\flatstack[颜色]{条目1, 条目2, ...}` | 纵向流程 |
+| `\flatcycle[颜色]{条目1, ...}` | 循环图（弧线箭头首尾相接） |
+| `\flathub[颜色]{中心文字}{环绕1, 环绕2, ...}` | **中心辐射**（中心圆 + 环绕卡片） |
+| `\flatsteps[颜色]{条目1, ...}` | 阶梯递进 |
+| `\flattime[颜色]{年份列表}{事件列表}` | 时间轴（节点上下交替） |
+| `\flatquad[颜色]{左上}{右上}{左下}{右下}` | 四象限 |
+| `\flatpyramid[颜色]{顶层, ..., 底层}` | 金字塔（上窄下宽） |
+| `\flatcompare[左色][右色]{左标题}{左内容}{右标题}{右内容}` | 左右对比 |
+
+示例（`slides.tex` 里有完整的 5 页演示）：
+
+```
+\flatflow[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucamber]{数据采集, 数据清洗, 模型训练, 结果评估}
+
+\flathub[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucamber,oucdusk]{核心}{可行性, 必要性, 创新性, 实用性}
+
+\flattime[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucdusk]{2020, 2021, 2023, 2025}{立项, 方案设计, 中期检查, 结题验收}
+
+\flatcompare[oucpine][oucred]{优势}{响应快、成本低、易于维护}{不足}{精度受限、依赖数据质量}
+```
+
+`\flatquad` 与 `\flatcompare` 的颜色是独立的固定参数（分别 1 个和 2 个），
+不参与循环取色。
+
+### 几点说明
+
+1. 颜色可以直接用模板的 10 个颜色（`oucblue`、`oucred`、`oucpine`、`oucdusk`、`oucamber` 等）。
+2. 横向流程会自动把 N 个块加间隙**摊满整行**，不需要手算宽度。
+3. 纵向对比、四象限这类元素较宽，建议用 `\begin{center}...\end{center}` 居中。
+4. 这套组件已用 TeX Live 2022~2026 逐一编译验证：0 错误、0 溢出，且跨版本渲染逐像素一致。
+
 ## 代码
 
 模板可以插入代码块，使用`lstlisting`即可。
diff --git a/figs/fig16.png b/figs/fig16.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..171f5c0
Binary files /dev/null and b/figs/fig16.png differ
diff --git a/slides.pdf b/slides.pdf
index b714016..73c1d22 100644
Binary files a/slides.pdf and b/slides.pdf differ
diff --git a/slides.tex b/slides.tex
index 1d4fc5c..f3c119a 100644
--- a/slides.tex
+++ b/slides.tex
@@ -308,6 +308,76 @@
       
 \end{frame}
 
+\subsection{图示组件}
+
+\begin{frame}
+    \frametitle{横向流程}
+    流程类图示用 \texttt{\textbackslash flatflow}，条目用逗号分隔，自动等分排布。\\
+    颜色写在方括号里：写一个则全部同色，写多个则按顺序取色。\\
+
+    \vspace{4pt}
+    \textbf{单色：}
+    \begin{center}
+        \flatflow[oucblue]{数据采集, 数据清洗, 模型训练, 结果评估}
+    \end{center}
+
+    \vspace{4pt}
+    \textbf{每个块不同颜色：}
+    \begin{center}
+        \flatflow[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucamber]{数据采集, 数据清洗, 模型训练, 结果评估}
+    \end{center}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+    \frametitle{纵向流程与循环}
+    \begin{columns}
+        \begin{column}{0.42\textwidth}
+            \centering
+            \flatstack[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucdusk]{提出问题, 建立模型, 求解验证}
+        \end{column}
+        \begin{column}{0.42\textwidth}
+            \centering
+            \flatcycle[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucamber]{计划, 执行, 检查, 改进}
+        \end{column}
+    \end{columns}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+    \frametitle{中心辐射}
+    \begin{center}
+        \flathub[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucamber,oucdusk]{核心}{可行性, 必要性, 创新性, 实用性}
+    \end{center}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+    \frametitle{阶梯递进}
+    \begin{center}
+        \flatsteps[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucamber]{基础研究, 技术开发, 集成验证, 示范应用}
+    \end{center}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+    \frametitle{时间轴与四象限}
+    \begin{center}
+        \flattime[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucdusk]{2020, 2021, 2023, 2025}{立项, 方案设计, 中期检查, 结题验收}
+    \end{center}
+    \vspace{8pt}
+    \begin{center}
+        \flatquad[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucamber]{重要且紧急}{重要不紧急}{紧急不重要}{不重要不紧急}
+    \end{center}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}
+    \frametitle{金字塔与对比}
+    \begin{center}
+        \flatpyramid[oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucamber]{总体目标, 实施策略, 具体措施, 落地行动}
+    \end{center}
+    \vspace{6pt}
+    \begin{center}
+        \flatcompare[oucpine][oucred]{优势}{响应快、成本低、易于维护}{不足}{精度受限、依赖数据质量}
+    \end{center}
+\end{frame}
+
 \subsection{块}
 
 \begin{frame}
diff --git a/theme/beamerinnerthemeOUCSlide.sty b/theme/beamerinnerthemeOUCSlide.sty
index 3f3ee11..889bd3e 100644
--- a/theme/beamerinnerthemeOUCSlide.sty
+++ b/theme/beamerinnerthemeOUCSlide.sty
@@ -299,6 +299,9 @@
   { \ouc_pbg_typeset: }
 \ExplSyntaxOff
 
+
+
+%% ======================================================================
 %文本框textbox
 \newtcolorbox{textbox}[1]{
     colback=#1!5!white,
@@ -323,4 +326,269 @@
 \renewcommand{\figurename}{图}
 \renewcommand{\tablename}{表}
 \renewcommand{\lstlistingname}{代码}
-\renewcommand{\abstractname}{摘要}
\ No newline at end of file
+\renewcommand{\abstractname}{摘要}
+
+%% ======================================================================
+%%  扁平简约图示组件  (flat diagrams)
+%%  ---------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  设计基调：圆角块 + 实心纯色 + 白字 + 细箭头
+%%            **无渐变、无阴影、无立体**
+%%
+%%  所有组件都支持「颜色列表」：写一个颜色则全部同色；
+%%  写多个颜色（逗号分隔）则按顺序循环取色。
+%%     \flatflow{oucblue}                  % 4 个块全为海大蓝
+%%     \flatflow{oucblue,oucred,oucpine}   % 4 个块循环取这 3 色
+%%     \flatflow{oucblue,oucred,oucpine,oucdusk,oucamber}  % 5 色各不同
+%% ======================================================================
+
+\RequirePackage{tikz}
+\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows.meta,calc,shapes.geometric}
+
+%% ---------------- 防错：颜色参数必须写在 [] 里 ----------------
+%% \flatflow 这类命令的「颜色列表」是可选参数，必须写成方括号 [颜色]。
+%% 若误写成花括号 {颜色}，颜色会被当成第一个条目（静默出错、极难排查），
+%% 因此这里检查每个条目是不是模板的颜色名，是则明确报错。
+\newcommand{\flcheckitems}[1]{%
+  \foreach \flci in {#1}{%
+    %% 注意：\foreach 每轮迭代会开组，内层的 \def 出组即失效，
+    %%       因此这里必须用 \global\def（否则检测永远不触发）。
+    \global\def\flhit{0}%
+    \foreach \flck in {oucblue,ouclightblue,oucred,ouccherry,oucbrown,%
+                       oucgolden,oucsilver,oucpine,oucdusk,oucamber}{%
+      %% 注意：此处 \ifstrequal 在本机不生效（恒为假），必须用 \ifx
+      \ifx\flci\flck\global\def\flhit{1}\fi
+    }%
+    \ifnum\flhit=1
+      \PackageError{oucslide}{图示组件的颜色要写在方括号里}{%
+        命令 \string\flatflow[颜色列表]{条目1, 条目2} 中的颜色是可选参数，%
+        必须用方括号 [ ]，不能用花括号 { }。\MessageBreak
+        现在「\flci」被当成了条目内容（它看起来是颜色名）。}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+}
+
+%% ---------------- 辅助：长度 / 计数 / 取色 ----------------
+\newlength\flgap
+\newlength\flbw
+\newcount\flcnt
+\def\flcntval{0}
+%% 数条目个数，并存成**纯数字宏**（本机 pgfmath 的算式里不能出现计数器）
+\newcommand{\flcount}[1]{%
+  \flcnt=0
+  \foreach \flzz in {#1}{\global\advance\flcnt by 1}%
+  \xdef\flcntval{\the\flcnt}%
+}
+
+\newcount\flcolcnt
+\def\flcoln{0}
+\newcommand{\flcolcount}[1]{%
+  \flcolcnt=0
+  \foreach \flzz in {#1}{\global\advance\flcolcnt by 1}%
+  \xdef\flcoln{\the\flcolcnt}%
+}
+
+\def\flcur{oucblue}
+\def\flmain{oucblue}
+%% 第 #2 个块取颜色列表 #1 中的颜色（超出则循环），结果存进 \flcur
+\newcommand{\flpick}[2]{%
+  \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\flidx}{mod(#2-1,\flcoln)+1}%
+  \foreach \flzz [count=\fljj] in {#1}{%
+    \ifnum\fljj=\flidx \xdef\flcur{\flzz}\fi
+  }%
+}
+%% 取列表第一项作为「主色」（箭头、轴线等用）
+\newcommand{\flsetmain}[1]{\flpick{#1}{1}\xdef\flmain{\flcur}}
+
+%% ---------------- 公共样式 ----------------
+\tikzset{
+  flblk/.style={rectangle, rounded corners=2pt, draw=none,
+                text=white, align=center, inner sep=4pt, font=\small},
+  flblkl/.style={rectangle, rounded corners=2pt, draw=none,
+                 align=center, inner sep=4pt, font=\footnotesize},
+  flarr/.style={line width=1pt, -{Stealth[length=1.7mm,width=1.4mm]}}
+}
+
+%% ================== 1. 横向箭头流程 ==================
+%% \flatflow[颜色列表]{条目1, 条目2, ...}
+\NewDocumentCommand \flatflow { O{oucblue} m }{{%
+  \flcheckitems{#2}\flcount{#2}\flcolcount{#1}\flsetmain{#1}%
+  \setlength{\flgap}{16pt}%
+  \pgfmathsetlength{\flbw}{(0.99\textwidth-(\flcntval-1)*\flgap)/\flcntval}%
+  \begin{tikzpicture}
+    \foreach \flx [count=\fli] in {#2} {
+      \flpick{#1}{\fli}%
+      \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\flprev}{\fli-1}
+      \ifnum\fli=1
+        \node[flblk, fill=\flcur, minimum height=20pt,
+              text width=\dimexpr\flbw-8pt\relax] (fn1) at (0,0) {\flx};
+      \else
+        \node[flblk, fill=\flcur, minimum height=20pt,
+              text width=\dimexpr\flbw-8pt\relax,
+              right=\flgap of fn\flprev] (fn\fli) {\flx};
+      \fi
+    }%
+    \foreach \flx [count=\fli] in {#2} {
+      \ifnum\fli>1
+        \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\flprev}{\fli-1}
+        \draw[flarr, draw=\flmain!70!black] (fn\flprev.east) -- (fn\fli.west);
+      \fi
+    }%
+  \end{tikzpicture}%
+}}
+
+%% ================== 2. 纵向流程 ==================
+\NewDocumentCommand \flatstack { O{oucblue} m }{{%
+  \flcheckitems{#2}\flcount{#2}\flcolcount{#1}\flsetmain{#1}%
+  \begin{tikzpicture}
+    \foreach \flx [count=\fli] in {#2} {
+      \flpick{#1}{\fli}%
+      \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\flprev}{\fli-1}
+      \ifnum\fli=1
+        \node[flblk, fill=\flcur, minimum height=18pt,
+              minimum width=0.7\textwidth] (fn1) at (0,0) {\flx};
+      \else
+        \node[flblk, fill=\flcur, minimum height=18pt,
+              minimum width=0.7\textwidth, below=8pt of fn\flprev] (fn\fli) {\flx};
+      \fi
+    }%
+    \foreach \flx [count=\fli] in {#2} {
+      \ifnum\fli>1
+        \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\flprev}{\fli-1}
+        \draw[flarr, draw=\flmain!70!black] (fn\flprev.south) -- (fn\fli.north);
+      \fi
+    }%
+  \end{tikzpicture}%
+}}
+
+%% ================== 3. 循环图 ==================
+\NewDocumentCommand \flatcycle { O{oucblue} m }{{%
+  \flcheckitems{#2}\flcount{#2}\flcolcount{#1}\flsetmain{#1}%
+  \begin{tikzpicture}
+    \foreach \flx [count=\fli] in {#2} {
+      \flpick{#1}{\fli}%
+      \pgfmathsetmacro{\flang}{90-360/\flcntval*(\fli-1)}
+      \node[circle, fill=\flcur, text=white, align=center, inner sep=1pt,
+            minimum size=32pt, font=\footnotesize] (cn\fli) at (\flang:34pt) {\flx};
+    }%
+    \foreach \flx [count=\fli] in {#2} {
+      \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\flnext}{mod(\fli,\flcntval)+1}
+      \draw[flarr, draw=\flmain!50!black] (cn\fli) to[bend left=20] (cn\flnext);
+    }%
+  \end{tikzpicture}%
+}}
+
+%% ================== 4. 中心辐射 ==================
+%% \flathub[颜色列表]{中心文字}{环绕1, 环绕2, ...}
+\NewDocumentCommand \flathub { O{oucblue} m m }{{%
+  \flcheckitems{#3}\flcount{#3}\flcolcount{#1}\flsetmain{#1}%
+  \begin{tikzpicture}
+    \foreach \flx [count=\fli] in {#3} {
+      \flpick{#1}{\fli+1}%             % 环绕从颜色列表第 2 项起取色
+      \pgfmathsetmacro{\flang}{90-360/\flcntval*(\fli-1)}
+      \node[rectangle, rounded corners=2pt, draw=\flcur!30!white, line width=0.6pt,
+            fill=\flcur!7!white, text=\flcur!55!black, align=center, inner sep=3pt,
+            font=\footnotesize, minimum height=17pt] (ln\fli) at (\flang:3.1cm) {\flx};
+      \draw[draw=\flcur!40!white, line width=0.7pt] (0,0) -- (ln\fli);
+    }%
+    \flsetmain{#1}%
+    \node[circle, fill=\flmain, text=white, align=center, inner sep=2pt,
+          minimum size=40pt, font=\small\bfseries] at (0,0) {#2};
+  \end{tikzpicture}%
+}}
+
+%% ================== 5. 阶梯递进 ==================
+\NewDocumentCommand \flatsteps { O{oucblue} m }{{%
+  \flcheckitems{#2}\flcolcount{#1}%
+  \begin{tikzpicture}
+    \foreach \flx [count=\fli] in {#2} {
+      \flpick{#1}{\fli}%
+      \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\flsx}{(\fli-1)*2.6cm}
+      \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\flsy}{(\fli-1)*13pt}
+      \node[flblk, fill=\flcur, minimum height=16pt, minimum width=2.4cm,
+            anchor=south west] at (\flsx,\flsy) {\flx};
+    }%
+  \end{tikzpicture}%
+}}
+
+%% ================== 6. 时间轴 ==================
+%% \flattime[颜色列表]{年份列表}{事件列表}
+\NewDocumentCommand \flattime { O{oucblue} m m }{{%
+  \flcheckitems{#2}\flcheckitems{#3}\flcount{#2}\flcolcount{#1}\flsetmain{#1}%
+  \begin{tikzpicture}
+    \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\flstep}{0.9\textwidth/\flcntval}%
+    \draw[line width=1.8pt, draw=\flmain,
+          -{Stealth[length=2mm,width=1.6mm]}] (0,0) -- (0.9\textwidth,0);
+    \foreach \fly [count=\fli] in {#2} {
+      \flpick{#1}{\fli}%
+      \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\flxx}{(\fli-0.5)*\flstep}
+      \node[circle, fill=\flcur, minimum size=6pt, inner sep=0pt] at (\flxx,0) {};
+      \node[rectangle, fill=\flcur, text=white, inner sep=2.5pt,
+            font=\footnotesize\bfseries, rounded corners=1pt]
+            at (\flxx,0.22cm) {\fly};
+    }%
+    \foreach \fle [count=\fli] in {#3} {
+      \flpick{#1}{\fli}%
+      \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\flxx}{(\fli-0.5)*\flstep}
+      \ifodd\fli
+        \node[flblkl, fill=\flcur!7!white, draw=\flcur!25!white, line width=0.5pt,
+              text=\flcur!55!black, text width=2.3cm, anchor=south]
+              at (\flxx,0.45cm) {\fle};
+      \else
+        \node[flblkl, fill=\flcur!7!white, draw=\flcur!25!white, line width=0.5pt,
+              text=\flcur!55!black, text width=2.3cm, anchor=north]
+              at (\flxx,-0.22cm) {\fle};
+      \fi
+    }%
+  \end{tikzpicture}%
+}}
+
+%% ================== 7. 四象限 ==================
+%% \flatquad[颜色列表]{左上}{右上}{左下}{右下}
+\NewDocumentCommand \flatquad { O{oucblue} m m m m }{{%
+  \flcolcount{#1}%
+  \flpick{#1}{1}\xdef\flcA{\flcur}%
+  \flpick{#1}{2}\xdef\flcB{\flcur}%
+  \flpick{#1}{3}\xdef\flcC{\flcur}%
+  \flpick{#1}{4}\xdef\flcD{\flcur}%
+  \begin{tikzpicture}
+    \node[flblkl, fill=\flcA!8!white, text=\flcA!55!black, text width=4.5cm,
+          minimum height=34pt] (q1) at (0,0) {#2};
+    \node[flblkl, fill=\flcB!14!white, text=\flcB!55!black, text width=4.5cm,
+          minimum height=34pt, right=3pt of q1] (q2) {#3};
+    \node[flblkl, fill=\flcC!14!white, text=\flcC!55!black, text width=4.5cm,
+          minimum height=34pt, below=3pt of q1] (q3) {#4};
+    \node[flblkl, fill=\flcD!8!white, text=\flcD!55!black, text width=4.5cm,
+          minimum height=34pt, right=3pt of q3] (q4) {#5};
+  \end{tikzpicture}%
+}}
+
+%% ================== 8. 金字塔 ==================
+%% \flatpyramid[颜色列表]{顶层, 第二层, ...}   （按书写顺序自上而下）
+\NewDocumentCommand \flatpyramid { O{oucblue} m }{{%
+  \flcheckitems{#2}\flcolcount{#1}%
+  \begin{tikzpicture}
+    \foreach \flx [count=\fli] in {#2} {
+      \flpick{#1}{\fli}%
+      \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\flw}{(1.6+(\fli-1)*1.6)*1cm}
+      \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\flyy}{-(\fli-1)*15.5pt}
+      \node[trapezium, trapezium left angle=76, trapezium right angle=104,
+            draw=none, fill=\flcur, text=white, align=center,
+            inner sep=1pt, minimum height=15pt, minimum width=\flw]
+            at (0,\flyy) {\flx};
+    }%
+  \end{tikzpicture}%
+}}
+
+%% ================== 9. 左右对比 ==================
+%% \flatcompare[左色][右色]{左标题}{左内容}{右标题}{右内容}
+\NewDocumentCommand \flatcompare { O{oucblue} O{oucamber} m m m m }{{%
+  \begin{tikzpicture}
+    \node[flblk, fill=#1, minimum width=4.7cm, minimum height=19pt] (h1) at (0,0) {#3};
+    \node[flblk, fill=#2, minimum width=4.7cm, minimum height=19pt,
+          right=8pt of h1] (h2) {#5};
+    \node[flblkl, fill=#1!7!white, text=#1!55!black, text width=4.5cm,
+          minimum height=54pt, below=3pt of h1] {#4};
+    \node[flblkl, fill=#2!7!white, text=#2!55!black, text width=4.5cm,
+          minimum height=54pt, below=3pt of h2] {#6};
+  \end{tikzpicture}%
+}}